Lesson 16 Stress, Arousal, and Anxiety, Part 1

STRESS & ANXIETY

1)   Stress- A physiological response to a demand

2)   Anxiety- Negative emotional state associated with arousal of the

     body

   *Nervousness, apprehension, worry

3)   State anxiety- Anxiety at a particular moment in time

    *Somatic State Anxiety- Moment to moment changes in perceived

     physiological activation

   *Cognitive State Anxiety- Degree to which one worries or has

     negative thoughts

4)   Trait anxiety- General tendency to respond across many situations

    with high levels of anxiety

MODEL OF THE AROUSAL-PERFORMANCE RELATIONSHIP

            ---------------------------------------A. The Athlete--------------------------------

               ↓                               ↓              1. Skill                                            ↓

                                                                         2. Fitness                                        

                                                                         3. Personal experience                                                   

               ↓                               ↓                                ↓                                   ↓

B. The Sport ↔        C. Cognitive    ↔     D. Emotional or      ↔       E. Behavior

      Situation                   Appraisal                      Physiological

                                                                                     Response

  1. Task difficulty      1. Of demands          1. Heart rate                  1. Motor performance

  2. Demands              2. Of resources           2. Muscle tension            2. Decision making

                                          3. Of consequences    3. Brain waves               3. Perception

                                          4. Of meaning of        4. Skin conductance        4. Retention of

                                              consequences                                                              learned material

                                          5. Of bodily reactions                                                        ↑

                                                        ↑                                                                           

                                                         ----------------------------------------------------------    ↑ 

 REFERENCES

Landers, D. & Arent, S. (2001). Arousal-Performance Relationship. In: J. Williams (Ed.), Applied sports psychology. 4th ed. (pp. 206-228). Mountain, View, CA: Mayfield Publishing Company.

Weinberg, R. and Gould, D. (2019). Foundations of sport and exercise psychology. 7TH ed. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.